Handheld laser welding machines have the advantages of simple operation , high efficiency, wide range of weldable materials, and low maintenance costs, so they are recognized by more and more companies. Simply speaking, the principle of laser welding metal is to use electrical energy to convert it into laser, and then melt the welding wire and base metal at high temperature to achieve the fusion effect. However, as a new type of welding equipment in recent years, handheld laser welding machines are prone to some problems during use. When these problems occur, they may affect the welding speed or welding results. Especially for beginners or new users of laser welding machines, how to quickly solve common problems with handheld laser welding machines? The text provides you with some analysis of common problems of handheld laser welding machines. You can save it so that you can refer to it when you encounter problems.

1. Slag splashing

During the process of laser welding metal, the molten material splashes everywhere and adheres to the surface of the metal workpiece. This will cause metal particles to appear on the surface of the workpiece, affecting its appearance. Generally, there are three reasons for this problem: First, the power of the laser welding machine is too high, which causes the metal material to melt too fast; second, the surface of the material is not clean; third, the gas is too strong.

To solve this problem, you only need to make adjustments based on the above three reasons. Reduce the power appropriately; clean the surface of the metal material; reduce the gas pressure.

2. The weld seam is too high

During laser welding, if the weld seam is significantly higher than the normal level, resulting in a wide weld seam, it will look very unsightly. The reason for this problem is that the wire feeding speed is too fast or the welding speed is too slow.

To solve this problem, you only need to reduce the wire feeding speed in the control system; or increase the welding speed.

3. Welding offset

Laser welding of metal does not solidify at the joint between the materials. This problem of inaccurate positioning can lead to failure to complete the welding of metal parts. The reason for this problem is inaccurate positioning during welding, or the wire feeding and laser irradiation positions are inconsistent.

To solve this problem, you need to adjust the laser offset and swing angle in the board; or check whether there is any deviation in the connection between the wire feeder and the laser head.

4. The color of the weld is too dark

When laser welding stainless steel , aluminum alloy and other materials, the dark color of the weld will cause a strong contrast between the weld and the surface of the material, thus affecting the appearance of the finished product. The reason for this phenomenon is that the power of the handheld laser welding machine is too small, resulting in insufficient combustion, or the welding speed is too fast.

The solution to this problem is to increase the power of the laser welding machine; or reduce the laser welding speed.

5. Uneven corner welding formation

When laser welding the inner and outer corners of the workpiece, if the speed and posture are not adjusted properly at the corners, the problem of uneven welding at the corners will occur. This will not only affect the welding strength, but also affect the appearance of the weld.

To solve this problem, the focus offset can be adjusted in the laser welding system so that the handheld laser welding gun can perform welding operations from the side.

6. Weld dent

Depressions appear at the joints of the welded workpieces, which will lead to insufficient welding strength and unqualified finished products. The reason for this problem is that the power of the laser welding machine is too high; or the laser focus is set incorrectly, causing the molten pool to be too deep and the material to be over-melted, which in turn causes the weld to be dented.

To solve this problem, you need to adjust the power of the laser welding machine; or adjust the laser focus.

7. Uneven thickness of weld seam

After laser welding the workpiece, uneven thickness of the weld appears. Sometimes the weld is too large, sometimes too small, and sometimes it's normal. This problem is often caused by errors in light output or wire feeding.

Solving this problem requires checking the stability of the laser and wire feeder, including power supply voltage, cooling system, laser welding control system and other aspects.

8. Grooves appear at the welding joints

If the weld is not well combined with the material, grooves and other conditions will occur, which will seriously affect the welding quality. This problem occurs when the laser welding speed is too fast, causing the molten pool to not be evenly distributed on both sides of the material; or when the gaps in the material are large and there is insufficient filling material.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to adjust the power and speed of the laser welding machine according to the material strength and weld size; or to perform filling or repair work later.

When using fiber laser welding machine, you should also pay attention to the following issues:

1. When performing welding work, the laser welding gun nozzle should be downward. If welding vertically from top to bottom, sparks may fall into the inside of the welding gun head, causing damage to the laser lens. When flat welding, the laser welding gun head should be welded from front to back at an angle of 45° to the material.

2. When replacing the protective lens of the fiber laser welding machine, be sure to do it in a clean environment. The outside of the laser welding gun head should be protected with masking paper as much as possible to prevent dust from entering the interior and damaging the lens during long-term use.

3. When the wire feeder is stuck, you need to check whether the laser welding gun is normal, whether the wire feed tube is normal, and whether the wire disk rotates normally. Especially when welding aluminum, you must pay attention to this problem, because the hardness of aluminum is low, so it can easily cause jamming and poor wire feeding.

The above are the problems that users may encounter when operating handheld fiber laser welding machines. They only need to find the cause of the fault according to the introduction in this article, and then make adjustments according to the specific situation. Although handheld laser welders will encounter some welding problems, as long as you master the correct welding method, after a period of operation, you will quickly become a skilled laser welding machine operator. The flexibility and efficiency of laser welding machines will bring greater benefits to your workshop.